Machine for molding hollow ware from pulp



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

V M. L. DEERING. MACHINE FOR MOLDING HOLLOW WARE PROM PULP.

No. 536,189. -Patented M .26 ,1895.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I r r L. DEERING. MACHINE MOLDING HOLLOW WARE FROM PULP.

- No. 536,189. Patented Mar. 26, 1895.

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M. L. DEERING. MACHINE FOR MOLDING HOLLOW WARE FROM PULP.

'- No. 536,189. I Patented Mar. 26,1895.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARK L. DEERING, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MACHINE FOR MOLDING HOLLOW WARE FROM PULP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 536,189, dated March26, 1895.

Application filed March 17, 1892. Renewed August 17, 1894:. Serial No.520,617- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARK L. DEERING, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kingsand State of New York, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Machines for Molding Hollow Ware from Pulp, of which Ideclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to improvements in machines, in which a pail orother similar vesso], having its body and bottom united in a singlemass, may be molded out of pulp, and the invention consists of a machineof which the various parts composing the mold, and the mechanism foroperating them, are constructed, arranged and combined substantially asis herein described and claimed.

In the accompanying sheets of drawings, Figure 1 is'a vertical sectionin a plane which cuts the top of the machine through the center, as inthe line 00, 00, Fig. 4, viewed in the direction indicated by thearrows; Fig. 2, a vertical section mainly in the plane y, y, Fig. 4,viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows, but showing the formerin the plane at, as; Fig. 3, a top view with the top-plate and partsabove it removed; Fig. 4, a top view with all the parts in place; Fig.5, an enlarged vertical section of the covering and ring on the former,in the plane 2, 2, Fig. 8; Fig. 6, an enlarged vertical section of thehead. Figs. 7 and 8 are an enlarged elevation and top view respectively,of the detachable part of the covering and ring on the former; and Figs.9 and'lO illustrate the attachment to the former of the covering, andthe action thereof in loosening the pail.

Similar reference numbers designate like parts in the several views.

The invention herein described is supplemental to that patented in myPatent No. 455,097, dated June 30, 1891, and illustrates means wherebythe head of the mold may be rendered movable, with the bottom stationaryduring the operation of forming the vessel,

the contracting and expanding'sections being adapted in this case to beactuated in connection with the head, and means to facilitate theremoval of the newly-molded vessel from the machine. There is also adifierence beplate as shown in Fig. 1.

tween these machines in respect to the mechanism for transmitting theoperating power, which with the particular construction illustrated inthis application is supplied to the machine by.a belt and pulleys.

This machine has for a base the plate 1 which holds the lower ends ofthree columns, marked 2, on which is secured \the hollow casting 3, asshown in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. Against the top and bottom ofthe casting 3 are fastened plates 4 and 5, the bottom plate having acentral opening 6. Two guides 7, 7 extend from the base to the plate 5,and between these guides is a. plate or block 8 which has grooved earsin which the guides are received. This block is mounted on a screw 9 andon the top of the block is fixed the former 10. The screw 9 engages witha female screw 11, supported in a bracket 12 attached to the base, thefemale screw being held in the bracket by the beveled friction wheelatone end, and the collar 14 at the other, so that it can turn in thebracket, and in the base is a hole to allow the male screw to passthrough the base.

From the upper ends of the columns 2 projects three screws 15, on eachof which is a female screw 29 secured in a plate 30, so as to turn inthe plate, and having a wide gear forming the head of the screw on thetop of the plate. On the under side of the plate is a hub 16, which isinserted in an opening in the plate 4, and has at its lower end a plate19 provided with a groove or rabbet 20 and a projecting edge 21, and apipe 17 heldin the plate extends down within the hub close to the plate19.

The former is adapted to enter the opening 6 in the plate 5, and toproject above that The system of contracting and expanding sections, 22and 25, is arranged to surround the former when it is in that position,the sections being fitted to slide on radial guides 26 and 27 in or onthe plates Land 5. Each of the sections 22 is connected by a link 23with a sliding bar 24, held in a guide against the side of the casting3, and extending upward to the plate 30, to which it is attached, theplate resting against shoulders on the slides, and each of the sections25 overlaps the faces of the sections 22 adjacent to it and is providedwith a stout spring 28 which bears against the backs of the adjacentsections.

In order that the horizontal movement of the sections may equal thevertical movement of the slides, these parts and the links connectingthem are arranged in relation to each other as follows: When the systemof sections is expanded as indicated in Fig. 2, the longitudinal axis ofeach link and a vertical line passing through the pivot in the slideform an angle of less than fortyfive degrees, and when the system ofsections is contracted as indicated in Fig. 1, the axis of the link anda horizontal line passing through the pivot in the section form asimilar angle. The axis of the link is therefore the hypotenuse of aright-angle triangle having the perpendicular passing through the pivotin the slide and the base passing through the pivot in the section, andas the sections are advanced the perpendicular of the triangle isshortened until it becomes of the same length as was the base at thebeginning of the movement, and the base is lengthened until it equalsthe length which the perpendicular had at the beginning of the movement.It is evident that this arrangement will render the horizontal move mentof the sections equal to the vertical movement of the slides, and of thehead with which the slides are connected, so that a vessel may be formedin the mold having the same thickness on the sides as on the bottom, andwith the density of the sides and bottom uniform.

The sections and former and plate 19 are grooved and perforated, andfaced with a thin porous covering, made for example of layers of sheetbrass, with a layer of wire gauze on the surface.

Around the base of the former is a ring 31, which lies on the block 8,and flush with the plate 5, when the former is in its highest position,and under the ring are holes 32, passing through the block, which areentered by pins 33 attached to the guides 7, 7 just before the formerreaches its lowest position when itdescends to allow the newly-moldedvessel to be removed. These pins are fixed in a ring on the guides, andthere may be of them any convenient number. A short section of the ring31 is separable from the body of the ring, at a place marked 34, Figs. 7and 8, and is permanently fastened to the block 8, or to the former. Astrip of the porous covering 36 of the former, extending from thesection just mentioned, of the ring, to the top and across the top ofthe former, taperingfrom one edge of the top to the other, as indicatedat 35 in Figs. 7 and 8, and partly shown in Fig. 10 is permanentlyfastened to the former. The main portion of the covering is attatched tothe larger section of the ring 31 as shown in Fig. 5, and against theinside of this part of the covering, and of the ring, are riveted strips37. In the side of the former are cut grooves 37' in which these stripsare designed to slide, the strips being dovetailed in the grooves.

The covering 38 on the plate 19 is attached around the edge to theplateand is made with a tendency to spring away from the plate slightly tothe center, as represented in Fig. 6. This tendency may be increased bymeans of a weight 38', or by a supplemental spring behind the covering.

Against the sides of the casting 3 are bolted brackets 39, 39, whichsupport two shafts 40 and 41. At the ends of the shaft 40 arefixedpulleys 42 and 43, and a friction wheel 45 is keyed to the shaftnear the bearing 44. This bearing has an eccentric bushing which may beturned by means of a handle 46. On the shaft 41 is also keyed a frictionwheel 47, with which the wheel 45 is made to engage by themovement ofthe handle 46. A short transverse shaft 48 is mounted in bearingssupported from the casting 3 and the plate 4, and bevel-gears 49 and 50connect this shaft with the shaft 41. Worms 51 on the shaft 41, and theshaft 48, engage the gears which form the heads of the female screws 29.

Near the base of the machine is a beveled friction Wheel 52, attached toa shaft 53, on which is a fixed-pulley 54, and a belt 55 extends to thispulley from the pulley 43 on the shaft 40. By means of an eccentricbushing in the bracket 56 and a handle 57 the wheel 52 may be connectedwith and disconnected from the beveled friction wheel 13 previouslydescribed.

The plate 5 is provided with a channel 58 to which the pulp is conductedunder pressure through a pipe 59, and from which it issues into the moldthrough ports in the top of the plate.

The mold is filled when the former is within the opening 6 in the plate5, with the ring 31 flush with the top of the plate, as shown in Fig. 1,and with the mold-sections retracted and the head elevated as shown inFig. 2. Then by moving the handle 46, motion is imparted to the shaft 41from the shaft 40, which is revolved continuously by a belt passingaround the pulley 42, and thence to the shaft 48, so that the femalescrews 29 are turned by the worms 51, and the plate 30 is moveddownward. By this means the head and sections are forced downward andinward together, and the pulp is compressed against the former into theform of a pail, as indicated in Fig. 1, the ring of pulp around the headabove the plate 19 being out off by the edge of that plate as thesections approach the head. The sections 25 are driven forward by thesections 22 hearing against the beveled surfaces of the sections 25, andthe water squeezed out of the mold is carried away by pipes, that withinthe former finding an outlet through a duct in the block 8, and that inthe head being pumped up through the pipe 17. As soon as the pail hasbeen pressed the motion of the belt passing around the pulley 42 isreversed, by shifting-the'belt for instance from the pulley thatactuates it .to

another pulley running in the opposite direction, whereupon thehead'israised and the mold-sections are retracted, those marked 25 beingdrawn back by the others acting against the springs 28. p

The resistance .of the pulp under pressure against the facing 38 of thehead, forces the center of the facing up close to the plate 19 andrenders .the surface flat, as appears in Fig. 1, but the facinggradually assumes its normal condition with the upward movement of thehead, and is therefore withdrawn from the pulp by degrees, the partadjacent to the edge being separated therefrom first, and the centerfinally.

The former with the newly molded pail upon itis lowered by means of thescrew 9, and the mechanism connected therewith, the wheel 52 beingbrought into contact with the wheel 13 by moving the handle 57, so thatthe female screw 11 is turned and imparts a vertical movement to thescrew 9. The block 8 descends around the pins 83, which enter the holes32 in the block, and the tops of the pins meeting thering 31 arrest thedescent of the ring, or the main portion thereof, while the formerproceeds downward a short distance farther, being partly drawn out ofthe ring and the covering attached thereto, as shown in Figs. 2 and 9.As the strips 37, fastened to the ring and covering, are pressed closertogether in the converging slots in the former, the covering iscontracted slightly and is thus loosened from the side and bottom of thepail, which may then be readily removed from the machine with the hands.a

To prepare-the mold for the next charge of pulp the former is elevatedby the screw 9, and inserted again in the plate 5, and when the ring 31meets that plate the covering is restored to the former, so that allparts of the covering lie against the surface of the former.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combinationof-thetwo fixed plates 4 and 5 each provided with a central opening,means whereby these plates are supported with an open space between thelower plate and the base, the head inserted in the opening in the plate4 and adapted to slide therein, the system of contracting and expandingsections, mechanism whereby the sections and head are actuatedsimultaneously, the former with a projecting base adapted to fit theopening in the plate 5, and a lifting device whereby the former with themolded article upon it may be lowered into the open space below themold, substantially as described.

2. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination ofthe two fixed plates 4 and 5 each provided with a central opening, thehead inserted in the opening in system of contracting and expandingsections surrounding the space between the openings in the plates,mechanism whereby the sections and. head are actuated simultaneously,the former adapted to be inserted in the opening 6 in the plate 5, amggable ripg adapted to .fit around the former andWithm the opening .theplate 4 and adapted to slide therein, the

clined to the sides of the head and parallel to the sides of the former,in combination with mechanism whereby the sections and head are actuatedsimultaneously, substantially as described.

4. Ina machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the contracting andexpanding mold composed of the combination with two parallel fixedplates, and the former projecting from one of them toward the other, ofthe system of movable sections between the plates, surrounding theformer, and the vertically movable head extending through the plate 4and provided with a projecting edge, substantially as described.

5. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination withtwo parallel fixed plates, and the former projecting from one of themtoward the other, of the vertically movable head inserted in the plate4, the systern of sections surrounding the former, a 'series of barsextending above the plate 4 and adapted to actuate the sections, andmeans whereby these bars are connected by their upper ends with thehead, substantially as described.

6. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination withtwo parallel fixed plates, and the former projecting from one of themtoward the other, of the vertically movable head inserted in the plate4, the system of sections surrounding the former,a series of barsextending above the plate 4 and adapted to actuate the sections, a plateor block above the plate 4, forming a common support for these bars andthe head, and

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bars and to the alternate sections, and means whereby the bars and thehead are actuated simultaneously, substantially as described.

8. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination ofthe two parallel fixed plates, the former projecting from one of themtoward the other,'the vertically movable head inserted in the plate 4, avertically movable support to which the head is attached, and mechanismadapted to be actuated by the vertical movement of said support and totransmit motion to the sections, substantially as described.

9. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination withtwo fixed plates and the former projecting from one of them toward theother, of a vertically movable plate or block 30, the head inserted inthe plate t and attached to and supported by the plate 30, thecontracting and expanding system of sections surrounding the former, andmechanism attached to the plate 30 whereby the sections are actuatedsimultaneously with the head, substantially as described.

10. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination oftwo fixed parallel plates, and the former projecting from one of themtoward the other, of the head inserted in the plate 4 and adapted toslide vertically, a movable plate 30 to which the head is attached, thesystem of contracting and expanding sections surrounding the former, anda series of bars attached to the plate 30, and links extending from thebars to the sections, substantially as described.

11. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination oftwo parallel fixed plates, the former projecting from one of them towardthe other, the vertically movable head inserted in the plate 4, thecontracting and expanding system of sections surrounding the former, andmechanism whereby the horizontal movement of the sections and thevertical movement of the head are equalized, substantially as described.

12. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination ofthe two parallel fixed plates, the former projecting from one of themtoward the other, the vertically movable head inserted in the plate 4,the contracting and expanding system of sections surrounding the former,and a system of bars and links and means for connecting the bars withthe head, so arranged and secured togetherthat the horizontal movementof the sections and the vertical movement of the head are equalizedthereby, substantially as described.

13. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination oftwo fixed parallel plates, the former projecting from one of them towardthe other, the vertically movable head inserted in the plate 4, thecontracting and expanding system of sections surrounding the former, aseries of links each pivoted at its inner end to one of the sections andat its outer end to a slide having a vertical movement, and so arrangedthat the longitudinal axis of the link forms an angle of less thanforty-five degrees with a vertical line when the sections are expanded,and a similar angle with a horizontal line when the sections arecontracted, and means whereby the slide is connected with the head,substantially as described.

14. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination of aformer having converging slots 37 in its side, the perforated covering36 adapted to be contracted, and strips 37 attached to the covering andadapted to slide in the slotsin the former, substantially as described.

15. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination of aformer having converging slots 37 in its side, the perforated covering36 and ring 31 fastened together and adapted to be contracted, andstrips 37 attached thereto and fitted to slide in the slots in theformer, substantially as described.

16. In a machine for molding hollow ware from pulp, the combination ofthe former having converging slots 37' in its side, the perforatedcovering 36 and ring 31 fastened together and adapted to be contracted,strips 37 attached thereto and fitted to slide in the slots in theformer, and pins 33 whereby the ring is forced from its seat,substantially as described.

17. In a mold for forming hollow ware from pulp, the flexiblehead-covering 38 secured by the edge, and having a tendency to bulge inthe center, substantially as described.

18. In a mold for forming hollow ware from pulp, the flexiblehead-covering secured by the edge, and adapted to bulge in the center,combined with means for producing pressure behind the covering.

MARK L. DEERING.

In presence of- D. A. CARPENTER, JAMES J. WILSON.

